PROJECT:
Report of the SME GNL FOLIGNO srl project
GNL Foligno S.r.l was established on 11/06/2018 and registered in the Perugia Business Register from 02/07/2018 as an innovative start-up. It was created to carry out the design and installation of mechanical and electronic devices and components for storage, cryogeneration, regasification and subsequent transformation for the distribution of liquid natural gas (LNG). The advent of new technologies in the sector of alternative fuels to gasoline, of innovative organization methods, the possibility of optimizing supply chains and managing them in an automated way, require companies to reflect deeply on the nature of their market strategies and their own internal organization. In the case of GNL Foligno S.r.l. we are faced with an extremely dynamic reality operating in a constantly evolving sector with significant growth potential in the near future. Liquefied natural gas (LNG or LNG, from the English liquefied natural gas) is obtained by subjecting natural gas (GN), after suitable purification and dehydration treatments, to subsequent cooling and condensation phases. The resulting product is presented as an odorless and transparent liquid consisting of a mixture mainly composed of methane and minor quantities of ethane, propane, butane and nitrogen, having a boiling temperature of about -160 ° C at atmospheric pressure. The transport of LNG over a long distance from the production site takes place by sea by means of LNG carriers, in which the LNG remains almost entirely in the liquid phase at atmospheric pressure and cryogenic temperatures (around -160 ° C). Liquefied natural gas (LNG or LNG in English) is a form of natural gas storage which, by exploiting the latest technology, allows a large amount of energy to be concentrated in small volumes. By way of example, 1 liter of LNG, stored in suitable conditions of temperature (about -160 ° C) and pressure (between 2 and 14 bar, in relation to the logistics distributor) in special tanks (called cryogenic), is a a worthy substitute for the more normal liquid fuels, especially in non-methanized areas. The advantages deriving from the use of LNG are of different types.
LNG does not have operational tasks as required for fuel oil, such as fuel preheating. Furthermore, the frigories generated during expansion from liquid to gas can be used as a cooling system, allowing to reduce the electrical use of heat pumps and chillers. The LNG plant built is composed as follows:
cryogenic tank type ELNG 60/18 vertical of 60,000 liters complete with safety valves and management control instrumentation, the same is connected with atmospheric vaporizer model VAP 316 with a nominal flow rate of 273 Nmc / h, with cryogenic fluid 70 bar high pressure dimensioned to allow the complete gasification of the vents in the event of the safety valves being activated, complete with PT 100 probe with relative well to be welded. The probe checks the temperature of the vents and blocks the system in case of any leaks from safety valves and bleed complete with Skid VT1 complete with LCNG pump, the pump is mounted on a steel frame and equipped with a 30 kW electric motor . The cryogenic system is equipped with a “Cold charge” By-Pass and this system is designed to inject cold gas at the outlet of the vaporizer and is the best solution for controlling the temperature of the compressed gas when refueling. By mixing the hot gas with the gas coming from the vaporizer with the cold gas, it is possible to control the temperature of the gas leaving the dispensing column by increasing its density and therefore the final filling level. The whole is connected to a control panel and safety system which, as required by safety standards in cryogenic systems, has a safety panel installed downstream of the vaporization unit, to protect the line from excessive pressure and / or excessive temperatures. low that could cause embrittlement of the cylinders, design pressure 300 / bar.
The relative signals of the elements that make up the control system are managed by an electric control panel consisting of a high pressure transducer (maximum set 280 bar), 2 high pressure safety valves (set 300 bar), 2 temperature sensors for control of the gas leaving the vaporization unit, a pressure switch and a non-return valve, all remotely programmed with automatic connection configuration. The Skid integrated with the Artika pump for LNG refueling mounted on a galvanized steel frame, the control of the integrated skid is operated by the PLC of the electrical control panel. Connected to the Skid, a low pressure saturation VAPAL 305 environmental vaporizer is installed. In order to obtain the appropriate temperature and pressure of the LNG inside the storage tank, it is necessary to install a system that allows it to be controlled.
The low pressure environmental vaporizer which, through a LNG recirculation circuit connected to the storage tank and the submersible pump, allows the temperature and pressure to increase until the desired values are reached, through a PT 100 temperature probe for control of liquid temperatures. The MID-certified LNG dispenser JC Carter model is operated by the PLC of the electrical control panel, it is designed and programmed to comply with all the parameters necessary for regular refueling and it is activated only and exclusively by respecting the safety maneuvers that allow the operator to act with complete peace of mind. the plant described above is equipped with the latest generation software which, connected in connection, is able to establish both the filling of the LNG tank and all the remote management of the LNG station, promptly communicating the problems that can be created both on the components and on the management system, reporting the wear of the most stressed components and their maintenance.
The project carried out above represents an infrastructural innovation starting, as mentioned, from all the machinery that make up the platform with “industry 4.0” characteristics that have a description of the same in the technical specifications, reported in the attached documents. But the real innovation concerned the assembly of the machinery that are able to communicate with each other and with the outside world, guaranteeing monitoring of all the different phases and consequently a safety and efficiency standard much higher than those currently found. . Furthermore, the proposed IT solution has made it possible to optimize the information exchange process between the economic operators who operate from the time of ordering the fuel, to the transport, to the storage and to the subsequent distribution phase to the end user, in order to guarantee at the same time speed and safety in every phase and a complete control of the logistic flow. The combination of all the elements has been guaranteed through the creation of a portal that guarantees constant contact with all the operators concerned through a new concept application (app), capable of communicating with all the plants and supplier companies, guaranteeing lead times. reliable delivery, waste reduction by allowing contact between distributors in order to exploit synergies and connections and finally a considerable saving in pollution. Another innovative element was the installation on board of each tanker of a monitoring system (Black Box) which through sensors allows you to check the correct storage of LNG in real time and with a GPS provides the real-time position of the vehicle. This information, combined with the loading and unloading declarations provided by the driver through the APP, provide all the necessary tools for optimal Logistics management. The development of the LNG distribution network seems to be moving forward rather quickly, the fuel supply market is in a phase of turmoil with increasing competitiveness and high efficiency of the plants as well as reducing costs.